تبیین نقش رقابت‏ پذیری کلان‏ شهری در توسعة منطقه ‏ای (مطالعة موردی: کلان‏شهرتهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران و دانشیار و عضو هیئت ‌علمی گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، ایران

چکیده

رقابت مهم ‏ترین ابزار برای جذب مزیت‏ ها و موقعیت‏ ها به شکل صحیح است. در اندیشة برنامه ‏ریزی توسعة شهری پرداختن به توسعة کلان‏شهرها به ‏مثابة یکی از اصلی ‏ترین پایگاه ‏های تولید و توزیع ثروت و ارزش ‏افزوده به‏ شمار می ‏رود. در چنین شرایطی، اهمیت نواحی اداری- سیاسی با کارکردهای ملی و فراملی افزایش می‏ یابد؛ به ‏طوری‏ که نواحی پیرامونی آن از جریان ‏های اجتماعی- اقتصادی تأثیر می‏ پذیرد. بررسی این تأثیرات می ‏تواند بازخورد رقابت‏ پذیری نواحی کلان‏شهری را بازگو کند. بنابراین، هدف کلی پژوهش بررسی نقش رقابتی کلان‏شهر تهران در توسعة منطقه ‏ای است. روش تحقیق ‏از نوع پیمایشی است؛ تحقق هدف فوق و شناخت دقیق ابعاد مسئله در گرو مطالعه، بررسی، و تحلیل دیدگاه‏ های صاحب‏نظران است که به دنبال مقدمة پژوهش به آن پرداخته خواهد شد. پیش ‏فرض پژوهش بر این گزاره که «توسعة منطقه‏ای نتیجة نقش و تأثیر رقابت‏پذیری کلان‏شهر (تهران) است» استوار شده است. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و در آن نوع پرسش‏نامه از نوع محقق‏ ساخته است. جامعة آماری تحقیق را 70 نفر از استادان و اعضای هیئت‏ علمی تشکیل می ‏دهد که داده‏ های پژوهش با استفاده از نرم‏ افزار SPSS و Lisrel اندازه‏گیری شد. بر اساس آزمون میسر- می بر و اولین و با توجه به اینکه مقدار آن برابر با 72/0 است، قضاوت دربارة آن در حد خوب گزارش می ‏شود. با توجه به مقدار مجذور گای و سطح معناداری آزمون کروی‏ات بارتلت (01/0P< و15/62X2=) نتیجه گرفته می‏ شود که بین عامل‏ ها همبستگی وجود دارد. ملاحظه می‏ شود که همة مؤلفه ‏ها با نقش کلان‏شهر تهران در توسعة منطقه ‏ای دارای همبستگی قابل‏ قبول ‏اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explain the role of metropolis competitiveness in regional development of Iran (Case study: Tehran metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmail Omidali 1
  • Zohreh Fanni 2
  • Naser Shafie Sabet 2
1 Azad University
2
چکیده [English]

In a world where development is one of the main goals in societies, addressing metropolitan issues is one of the main bases for the production and distribution of wealth and added value. Competition is the most important tool for attracting advantages and opportunities correctly. In this study, first a brief review of the history of research and then theories and perspectives on the competitiveness of metropolises, and its "key components" and then its role in regional development of Iran and also the relationship between the components of metropolitan competitiveness on regional development. Been paid. Therefore, considering the importance and necessity of this issue, the overall purpose of the research is to investigate the role of Tehran metropolis in regional development. The research method is survey; The realization of the above goal and accurate knowledge of the dimensions of the problem, in the study group, is the study and analysis of the views of experts. Regional development is the result of the role and impact of competitiveness of the metropolis (Tehran). This research is of applied type and in terms of research method, descriptive and survey class in which the type of questionnaire is researcher type. The statistical population of the research consists of 70 professors and faculty members who use the research data using SPSS and Lisrel software were measured. Accordingly, in the exploratory analysis of the first stage (the question of the role of the metropolis in regional development), the results show that all the required assumptions related to the use of factor analysis have been met. The Kaiser-Meyer and Oaklin test is an indicator of sample adequacy. Determined the degree of belonging of variables to each other (causal factor) and as a result, their suitability for factor analysis and also determined the suitability of each variable alone. Considering that its value is equal to 0.79. Assessing the reliability of the extractive factors of the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development, it is determined that the reliability of the components and the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development is acceptable. Exploratory analysis of the second stage (metropolis role questionnaire in regional development) in which in this stage, all 3 components of the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development are examined based on the Kaiser-Meyer and Oaklin test, and considering that Its value is equal to 0.72, so the judgment about it is reported to be good. Considering the amount of chi-square and the significance level of Bartlett sphericity test (P <0.01 and X2 = 62.15), it is concluded that there is a correlation between the factors. And it is observed that all components have an acceptable correlation with the role of Tehran metropolis in regional development. In a world where development is one of the main goals in societies, addressing metropolitan issues is one of the main bases for the production and distribution of wealth and added value. Competition is the most important tool for attracting advantages and opportunities correctly. In this study, first a brief review of the history of research and then theories and perspectives on the competitiveness of metropolises, and its "key components" and then its role in regional development of Iran and also the relationship between the components of metropolitan competitiveness on regional development. Been paid. Therefore, considering the importance and necessity of this issue, the overall purpose of the research is to investigate the role of Tehran metropolis in regional development. The research method is survey; The realization of the above goal and accurate knowledge of the dimensions of the problem, in the study group, is the study and analysis of the views of experts. Regional development is the result of the role and impact of competitiveness of the metropolis (Tehran). This research is of applied type and in terms of research method, descriptive and survey class in which the type of questionnaire is researcher type. The statistical population of the research consists of 70 professors and faculty members who use the research data using SPSS and Lisrel software were measured. Accordingly, in the exploratory analysis of the first stage (the question of the role of the metropolis in regional development), the results show that all the required assumptions related to the use of factor analysis have been met. The Kaiser-Meyer and Oaklin test is an indicator of sample adequacy. Determined the degree of belonging of variables to each other (causal factor) and as a result, their suitability for factor analysis and also determined the suitability of each variable alone. Considering that its value is equal to 0.79. Assessing the reliability of the extractive factors of the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development, it is determined that the reliability of the components and the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development is acceptable. Exploratory analysis of the second stage (metropolis role questionnaire in regional development) in which in this stage, all 3 components of the Tehran metropolis role questionnaire in regional development are examined based on the Kaiser-Meyer and Oaklin test, and considering that Its value is equal to 0.72, so the judgment about it is reported to be good. Considering the amount of chi-square and the significance level of Bartlett sphericity test (P <0.01 and X2 = 62.15), it is concluded that there is a correlation between the factors. And it is observed that all components have an acceptable correlation with the role of Tehran metropolis in regional development. In a world where development is one of the main goals in societies, addressing metropolitan issues is one of the main bases for the production and distribution of wealth and added value. Competition is the most important tool for attracting advantages and opportunities correctly. In this study, first a brief review of the history of research and then theories and perspectives on the competitiveness of metropolises, and its "key components"

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • کلان‌شهر"
  • توسعه"
  • منطقه‌ای"
  • رقابت‌پذیری شهری"
  • "
  • تهران "

مراجع

  1. الهی، پرستو، 1394، برنامه‏ریزی بخش مرکزی شهر تاریخی کرمان با رویکرد بهبود رقابت، پایان‏نامة کارشناسی ارشد، برنامه‏ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
  2. خضرایی شولای فر، مریم و کرکه آبادی، زینب، 1397، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رقابت‌پذیری شهری براساس مدل پیشنهادی Saez با تکیه بر مفهوم (Coopetition) مطالعه موردی: شهر تهران،https://civilica.com/doc/1165287
  3. سکاران، اوما، 1388، روشهای تحقیق در مدیریت، ترجمه محمدعلی صائبی و محمود شیرازی، موسسه عالی آموزش و پژوهش مدیریت و برنامه ریزی، تهران.
  4. شریف‏زادگان، محمدحسین و ندایی طوسی، سحر، 1394، چارچوب توسعة فضایی رقابت‏پذیری منطقه‏ای در ایران، مورد پژوهی: استان‏های 30 گانه، نشریة هنرهای زیبا - معماری و شهرسازی، 20 (3)، 5-20.
  5. غفاری فرد، محمد، 1397، بررسی روند سیاست گذاری توسعه و توازن منطقه ای طی برنامه های توسعه در ایران و ارائۀ راهبردهای اساسی، فصل نامه علمی مطالعات راهبردی سیاست گذاری عمومی، دورۀ 9، شماره 3، صص 41-21.
  6. منصوری، سهیلا، ۱۳۸۹، سیر تهیه و تصویب قانون برنامة پنج‏سالة پنجم توسعه، مجلة برنامه، سال نهم، شمارة ۴۰۲.
  7. Elahi, P., 2014, Programming of the central part of the historical city of Kerman with the approach to improving competitiveness, Master's thesis, Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University[In Persian].
  8. Khazraei Sholayfar, M. and Karkehabadi, Z., 2019, Investigating the Factors Affecting Urban Competitiveness Based on Saez Proposed Model Based on the Concept of Coopetition (Case Study: Tehran), https://civilica.com/doc/1165287.
  9. Sakaran, O., 2009, Research Methods in Management, translated by Mohammad Ali Saebi and Mahmoud Shirazi, Higher Institute of Management Education and Research and Planning, Tehran.
  10. Sharifzadegan, M. and Nedayi Tusi, S., 2015, The Spatial Development Framework of Regional Competitiveness in Iran, Case Study: 30 Thresholds, Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, 20 (3), 5-20
  11. Ghaffari Fard, M, 2019, A Study of Development Policy Process and Regional Balance during Development Programs in Iran and Presentation of Basic Strategies, Scientific Quarterly of Strategic Studies of Public Policy, Volume 9, Number 3, pp. 21-41.
  12. Mansuri, S., 2011, The process of preparing and approving the law of the fifth five-year development plan, Program Magazine, Ninth year, Number 402.
  13. Alarcon, R. and Juan, L., 2012, Logestics competitiveness in a megapolitan network of cities A theatrical approach and some application in the central Region of Mexico, procedia-Social and Behavioral,735-750.
  14. Angel, S. and Blei, A., 2015, The spatial structure of American cities: The great majority of workplaces are no longer in CBDs, employment sub-centers, or live-work communities, Cities, 51: 21-35.
  15. Balestra, R. and Arruda, A., 2012, City branding: strategic planning and communication image in the management of contemporary cities, Conference: Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking.
  16. Baumann, C. and Winzar, H., 2016, The role of secondary education in explaining competitiveness. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 36(1), 13-30.
  17. Bristow, G., 2005, Everyone’s a ‘winner’: problematising the discourse of regional competitiveness, Journal of Economic Geography, 285-304.
  18. Bruneckiene, J.; Cincikaite, R. and Kilijoniene, A., 2012, The specifics of measurement the urban competitiveness at the national and international level. Engineering Economics, 23(3), 256-270.
  19. Cibinskiene, A. and Snieskiene, G., 2015, Evaluation of city tourism competitiveness. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 105-110.
  20. Farrell, M.; Hettne, B. and Langenhove, L., 2005, Global Politics of Regionalism Theory and Practice, Pluto Press.
  21. Gabor, M. R.; Conţiu, L. C., & Oltean, F. D., 2012, A comparative analysis regarding
    European tourism competitiveness: emerging versus developed markets. Procedia Economics and Finance, 3(12), 361-366.
  22. Haghpanah, Y., 2018, Explaining the Effect of Institutional Components on Urban Land Management Pattern in Iran. New Attitudes in Human Geography Quarterly, No. 2[In Persian].
  23. Hu, R., 2016, Sustainability and competitiveness in Australian cities, University of Canberr.
  24. Kapitsinis, N. and Metaxas, T., 2013, Territorial Competition: Theories, arguments, policies and lessons of the last 25 years. Retrieved from http://www-sre.wu.ac.at/ersa/ersaconfs/ersa12/ e120821aFinal00949.pdf.
  25. Kresl, P. and Singh, B., 2012, Urban Competitiveness and US Metropolitan Centres, Urban Studies, Vol. 49, No. 2, PP. 239-254.
  26. Lang, R. and Knox, P. K., 2011, The New Metropolis: Rethinking Megalopolis, Volume 43, Issue 6: The Futures of the City Region, Published online.
  27. Lengyel, I., 2016, Regional Competitiveness, Innovation and Environment (pp. 13-38, JATEPress), Szeged.
  28. Lengyel, I., 2009, Bottom-up Regional Economic Development: Competition, Competitiveness and Clusters, In Z. Bajmócy, I.
  29. Lengyel, I., 2016, Competitiveness of Metropolitan Regions in Visegrad Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 223, 357-362.
  30. Luck, M. and Wu, L., 2002, A gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern: a case study from the Phoenix metropolitan region, Arizona, USA, Landscape Ecology, 17: 327-339.
  31. Mora, T., 2008, Explaining Within-country Regional Inequality in the European Union, ScienzeRegional, No. 7, pp. 51-69.
  32. Ni, P., 2012, Global Urban Competitiveness Report-2012, Cheltenham/ Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  33. Parkinson, M., & Boddy, M., 2004, Introduction. In M. Boddy, and M.
    Parkinson (Eds.). City Matters: Competitiveness, Cohesion and Urban
    (pp. 1-12). Bristol: Policy Pr.
  34. Peng, L. and Zhanxin, M., 2011, The evaluation of city competitiveness in Shandong province. Energy Procedia, 5, 472-476.
  35. Petrakos, G., 2009, Regional growth and inequalities in the European Union, Discussion PaperSeries, 15(2), 23-44.
  36. Porter, M., 1998a, Cluster and the new economics of competition, Harvard Business Review.
  37. Porter, M., 1998b, On Competition, Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
  38. Porter, M. E., 1990, The competitive advantage of nations, Harvard Business Review, 74-91.
  39. Purwanti, A. and Genoveva, A., 2017, An evaluation of city branding to reinforce the city compet i t ivenes s (a case s tudy of Surabaya). The IRES internat ional conference, 36-41.
  40. Sadyrtdinov, R. and Rodnyansk, D., 2014, Integration Processes as A Factor of Regional Development. th Global Conferece on Business, Economice, Managmentand Tourism, Prague, Czech Republic, 772-777.
  41. Sáez, L., & Periáñez, I., 2015, Benchmarking urban competitiveness in Europe to attract investment. Cities, 76-85. Singhal, S.; McGreal, S. and Berry, J., 2013, An evaluative model for city competitiveness: Application to UK cities. Land Use Policy, 30(1), 214-222.
  42. simmie, J., 2016, Competitive cities in the Global Economy, European planning studies.
  43. Taylor, P., 2012, Competition and cooperation between cities in Globalization. Research Bulletin Cheltenham, UK.
  44. UN HABITAT, 2015, Enhancing the competitiveness of cities, urban economy branch, Discussion paper 4, October.
  45. World Economic Forum, 2013, The Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014. Geneva: world Economic Forum.
  46. World Economic Forum, 2014, The Competitiveness of Cities. A report of the Global Agenda Counci l on Competitiveness.
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی
دوره 54، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 253-267

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 بهمن 1399

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار