Influence of Physical Structures of Urban Spaces on Environmental Security (Case Study: Samen Region, Mashhad City)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD in geography and urban planning, development studies and urban affairs adviser to the Mayor of Tehran

2 MA in geography and urban planning, Kharazmi University, expert in APA Counseling Engineering

3 PhD candidate in geography and urban planning- Consulting Engineers Arman Pajohan Iranian

4 PhD candidate in geography and urban planning, Shahid Beheshti University

5 Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Extended Abstract
Introduction
Nowadays, with the increasing trend of urban growth and social insecurity in the cities,
study about the factors of security and physical, cultural and functional perspectives of urban security threat affecting citizens and municipal experts. Scientific analysis and decision-making principles and urban design basics and the strategies for strengthening urban security are essential to such investigations. Urban space as a subset of the physical security is not an exception. This means the physical and social dimensions of a dynamic relationship with each other. Thus, the problems of public spaces in urban security are the subject of many challenges. In this way, we can feature the factors in the genesis of criminal behavior in two parts of the city or other physical characteristics or features. This is one of the most essential factors in the optimal performance of publicly vision of the people (citizens – consumers), the views of users about security in public spaces (Priority s), among the most important criteria in prioritizing survey and assessment of these spaces. Therefore, the metropolitan city of Mashhad, Samen,  as the religious center of Iran requires to be assessed in qualitative and quantitative development of regional security in urban areas, . Accordingly, the model of network analysis process (ANP) to analyze and select the physical structure of the security strategy.
Methodology
The research methodology is chosen based on objectives, research type and characteristic of the subject. The present study involves collection and analysis of causal relationships among objective and subjective factors. This paper describes a method to assess the current status of the case and emphasized on its practical use. In this descriptive study, based on research studies, a library of documents and field studies go directly to the respective questionnaires at two levels. The first is survey methods in the social dimension of the space research. To gather the information needed with regard to the overall purpose of the research and study of urban space (parks, streets and markets), a total of 200 questionnaires (sample size) were distributed using situational sampling method (a sample point) and random sample (probability) in urban and residential, and commercial areas. The analysis performed in this study was carried out by software SPSS, ARCGIS10, Excel and method of multi-criteria decision analysis to assess data and information collected by questionnaires. The matrix-based approach of analytic network process (ANP) used in the model. 
Results and discussion
Rate is a measure of the weight of the model based on the output data and those obtained from the survey conducted in Mashhad ANP model. It is based on weight range. In order to determine the weights of index (components and sub-components,) and determine the type and severity of the impact on the physical structure of urban security, we calculated the relationship between weighting matrix. The main challenges in this area can lead to neglection of urban spaces. Thus, in addition to the crime, socio-economic and cultural sufficient physical and environmental conditions are the main causes for insecurity in the region.
Conclusion
Output and model results show the higher priority given to security issues in urban spaces of Mashhad. The results of the model show functionality and performance of the ANP model selection strategy for the security of the physical structure of urban spaces in Samen, Mashhad. The results also show that cluster performance indicators / functions affecting safety in urban areas. Based on the results of the cluster nodes in Mashhad priority areas, environmental security should be classified. According to cluster analysis criteria and the results obtained from the model virtual network, the current security distribution is (model results) matched with Mashhad area.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Human Geography Research
Volume 47, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
October 2015
Pages 463-476

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 November 2013
  • Revise Date: 18 March 2014
  • Accept Date: 18 March 2014

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