Compilation of biophilic city model in Isfahan city

Extended Abstract
Introduction
In recent decades, the increasing development of cities and exploitation of land and nature has led to new currents regarding environmental protection, sustainable development, and topics such as ecological footprint and optimization of energy consumption. So there was a huge flood of research about sustainable urban development and such discussions. One of these theories, which, in addition to its environmental aspect, has also paid much attention to human mental characteristics, is the biophilic city theory. Therefore, according to the current situation of Isfahan in terms of greenery, lack of water, pollution, and other environmental problems, it seems to consider a model for the city of Isfahan that can save this city from the current crises and lead it to health. Moreover, promoting well-being is necessary and necessary. Therefore, using the biophilic urban development method can be a suitable solution to deal with the problem of being away from nature and its negative consequences in Isfahan. Thus, this article aimed to compile the biophilic city model of Isfahan based on the indicators extracted from global studies.
 
Methodology
The research method of this article is applied in terms of objective and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. All the areas (or urban areas) are considered as the statistical population of the research. In this research, in cases where the information cannot be extracted from the existing maps, the statistical population representing the urban areas, which is the citizens of Isfahan living in the urban areas, is considered. The statistical sample was used through a simple random cluster sampling method, which is a statistical sample of 394 citizens of Isfahan, whose opinions about the characteristics of the biophilic city in their neighborhood are measured through a questionnaire. In this research, Cronbach's alpha is used to measure reliability, and jury techniques are used to measure validity. It should be noted that the reliability of the Likert scale with a coefficient of about 0.75 has been considered acceptable by the researchers.
 
Results and discussion
 In order to understand the requirements and infrastructure needed to create a biophilic pattern in the neighborhoods of Isfahan city, it is necessary to determine what score each neighborhood gets from the point of view of biophilic characteristics, or in general, which characteristics are stronger and which are weaker. Then from the understanding of this importance, it is now necessary to decide for each neighborhood whether it should work on eliminating the weak points or promoting and developing the strong ones. Infrastructural measures are better to take place at the level of areas larger than the neighborhood, so dividing the city of Isfahan into several homogeneous areas is necessary. In this regard, 37 layers of information have been obtained and integrated. An integrated map of the evaluation of the city of Isfahan has been obtained concerning biophilic indicators separated by localities.
First cluster; the neighborhoods in the first cluster are considered the best neighborhoods in terms of biophilic city characteristics.
Second cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the second cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the first and third factors, but the situation is unfavorable in the rest of the indicators.
Third cluster; the localities that are placed in the third cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the fourth and seventh factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Fourth cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the fourth cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the third, fourth and fifth factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Fifth cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the fifth cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the first and fourth factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Sixth cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the sixth cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the third and fourth factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Seventh cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the seventh cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the first, third and sixth factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Eighth cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the eighth cluster have a favorable situation only in terms of the indicators loaded in the third factor, and the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Ninth cluster; the neighborhoods that are placed in the ninth cluster have a good situation in terms of the indicators loaded in the third and fifth factors, but the situation is unfavorable in other indicators.
Tenth cluster; the localities that are placed in the tenth cluster have a favorable situation only in terms of the indicators loaded in the third factor, and the situation is unfavorable in other indicators
 
Conclusion
The results showed that the areas of Najwan and the neighborhoods of Naqsh Jahan, Charkhab, and Abbas Abad are more harmonious than other areas in terms of the characteristics of the biophilic city. Also, the clustering of neighborhoods in Isfahan has been divided into 10 clusters based on the principle of homogeneity in the characteristics of biophilic urban development. This document can be used as a support system for decision-making and design in two scales for plans and programs. First, on a strategic scale, it is possible to consider the localities within a cluster to be the same and adopt unique strategies and policies. Second, on the scale of local design, in such a way that it specifies the strengths and weaknesses of each cluster and its localities, and the design in each locality should move towards which or which categories of biophilic city criteria to overcome the weaknesses. Solve or take advantage of strengths and potentials.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
 We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper