تحلیل اکتشافی عوامل مؤثر بر احساس ناامنی در فضاهای سبز شهری (نمونة موردی: پارک‏ های ناحیه‏ ای شهر یزد)

Exploratory Analysis of Factors Affecting Insecurity in Urban Green Spaces
(Case Study: Yazd Regional Parks)
Introduction
The presence of security in a place of recreation is one of the most important parameters in decision making for visiting and spending leisure time in that place. On the other hand, the lack of security not only does not lead people to public places, promenades and walkways, but because of the lack of presence and isolation of these places, crime and its dimensions are spreading in these places, and therefore it is said that between security And the amount of citizens' return to public and recreational places remains a two-way and complementary relationship. Therefore, considering the importance of the subject, this study aims to identify and investigate the factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city based on the opinion of the host community. Firstly, parks are one of the most prominent public spaces in the city and the most important components of urban, human and natural bodies, which, due to the overcoming of the green space element, attract the population and provide the ground for social interaction and spending leisure time in terms of recreation, entertainment, sports, study And relax and nature-oriented recreation, Secondly, experience has proven that one of the most important ways of developing and improving in every field is identifying barriers and factors that affect the lack of achievement.
Methodology
The present study was conducted with exploratory and descriptive-analytical approach and using field and documentary studies to explore and investigate the factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in regional parks in Yazd. The statistical population of the study consisted of 384 Yazdi citizens who were randomly selected at the level of Yazd district parks in two stages (Semi-structured interview with citizens in the first stage) to identify the indicators affecting the feeling of insecurity and complete the questionnaire for factorization and survey The effect of each factor in the second stage is selected. In this research, qualitative findings (content analysis of interviews in Max Kido's qualitative analysis software) and quantitative (exploratory factor analysis) were used to analyze the information.
Result and discussion
According to the results of the five identified factors, 86.201 % of the total variance of factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city. First, it shows the comprehensiveness of the indicators identified by the interviewed community, and secondly, the emphasis of the statistical community on identified indicators as factors of insecurity in the parks studied. Based on the analysis, only 13.799 percent of the total variance was not calculated and was the result of other factors not identified by the statistical community of the interviewee. According to the results, the factor of the lack of utility of military-security infrastructure with a special value of 17.99 and 42.96% variance as the most important factor affecting the feeling of insecurity and the socio-individual factor with a special value of 1.449 and the percentage of variance of 36.75 as the least significant The agent has been identified. The incidence rate of anomalies, delinquency and mass with a special value of 35.34 and a 21.23% variance in the second place influenced on the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city based on the opinion of the host community and then the factors of the lack of utility standards with a specific amount of 2.923 and the percentage of variance was 10.826, and the physical-physical deprivation with a special value of 1.67 and a percentage of variance was 18.66.
Conclusion
The study of safety and factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in public places, especially parks, is an essential requirement. This research was carried out in seven regional parks of Yazd city. In this regard, this research has identified and extracted the factors affecting insecurity in regional parks in Yazd city based on the viewpoint of the host community, based on which applied strategies to diminish these factors and improve the quality of safety in these parks. The results show that in terms of host society in Yazd city parks, 27 indicators in the form of five factors of the lack of utility of military-security infrastructure, the occurrence of anomalies, crime and crime, non-observance of standards, physical-physical factors and an individual-social limiting factor affecting Felt the insecurity of the citizens. According to the results, the factor of the inappropriate use of law enforcement infrastructure in regional parks in Yazd with a percentage of variance of 42.699 was the most important factor affecting the feeling of insecurity from the host society. This alone explains 42% of the indicators that affect the feelings of citizens' insecurity, which indicates the importance of this factor and the emphasis of the statistical community on it. In the second place, the effect of the incidence of anomalies, delinquency and crime rate with the variance rate of 21.23, which according to the experiences and interviews, is the causative factor of the first factor. In general, according to the results of research, the desirability of law enforcement infrastructure and the elimination of abnormalities in the level of parks in the Yazd city make up about 64% of the strategies affecting the sense of security in the parks in terms of citizens.
In the second place, the effect of the incidence of anomalies, delinquency and crime rate with the variance rate of 21.23, which according to the experiences and interviews, is the causative factor of the first factor. In general, according to the results of research, the desirability of law enforcement infrastructure and the elimination of abnormalities in the level of parks in the Yazd city make up about 64% of the strategies affecting the sense of security in the parks in terms of citizens.