تولید دانش و توسعه در هزارۀ سوم و بررسی معیارهای علمی مقالات پژوهشی جغرافیای شهری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

دانش و تولید آن، به‌عنوان منبع بنیادین خلق و حفظ اقتصاد، اجتماع و فرهنگی پویا همواره در طول تاریخ اهمیتی فزاینده داشته و موتور توسعة همه‌جانبة کشورها بوده است، اما در چند دهة گذشته اهمیت توسعة علمی در گفتمان نظریة جدید رشد و توسعه بیش‌ از پیش مطرح شده و دهکدة جهانی به‌سوی نظم جهانی اطلاعات پیش رفته است. براین‌اساس، در پژوهش حاضر ضمن تشریح ژرف و موشکافانة این روندها و تحولات، ویژگی‌های مهم‌تر مقالاتعلمی-پژوهشی در فرایند تولید دانش مشخص می‌شود و درنهایت میزان توجه به این ویژگی‌ها و معیارها در مقالاتعلمی-پژوهشی جغرافیای شهری بررسی و تحلیل می‌شود. روش تحقیق حاکم بر پژوهش کمی-کیفی و توصیفی-تحلیلی است. در روش کیفی از تکنیک دلفی و تحلیل محتوا و در روش کمی از پرسشنامة طیفی و آزمون T تک‌معیاره و فریدمن استفاده شده و به‌منظور رتبه‌بندی معیارها و زیرمعیارها از روش تحلیل چندمتغیره بهره گرفته شده است. براساس نتایج، در جهان فراصنعتی، سرمایه‌داری دانش نمایان می‌شود و اجتماعات پیشرفته در تکاپو برای نیل به توسعه‌ای دانش‌محور هستند و در این بین شهرها با قرارگرفتن در کانون این روندها و تلاش برای تطابق خود با آن، به‌دنبال خلق مزیت رقابتی پایدار هستند. علاوه بر این، یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که از نظر متخصصان، معیارهای «معناداری و خلاقیت»، «پایه‌های قوی روش‌شناسی» و «اصول اخلاقی» جایگاه بالاتری نسبت به سایر معیارها در تولید دانش دارند، درحالی‌که در مقاله‌های علمی-پژوهشی جغرافیای شهری این معیارها نسبت به سایر معیارها جایگاه پایین‌تری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Knowledge Production and Development Discourse in Third millennium: an Investigation of Urban Geography Journals in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Mohammadian Mosammam 1
  • Jila Sajadi 2
  • Parviz Aghaie 1
  • Mostafa Bayat 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract

Introduction

Historically, the knowledge and its production, as the key driver of civilization and economic prosperity, have been crucial to the development and competiveness of any city and region. However, over the past several decades, the importance of scientific development in new theory of development discourse has been raised and global village goes into the global information order. The cities that have been always home to civilization gained unprecedented importance and placed in the core of production, exchange, and knowledge. Nowadays, many of cities around the world have been faced with massive transformations of urban areas due to dynamic processes of spatial and economic restructure where physical commodity replaces by very delicate forms of production (knowledge). Accordingly, this paper aimed to scrupulously describe these transformations and identify the role of knowledge in the development as well as the interaction of knowledge and city development. In addition, this paper sought to examine the most important characteristics of scientific papers in the knowledge production. Finally, according to these characteristics and criteria, we review and analyze scientific papers of urban geography.

Methodology

This paper is based on combined method. Delphi technique and content analysis were used as a qualitative method. Additionally, quantitative method and analysis including spectral questionnaires and one sample T-test and Friedman test were used. AHP method was employed to calculate the weight of each factor and indicator according to the expert's opinions. Qualitative data was collected by the snowball sampling method and quantitative data was acquired through questionnaires that examined 50 scientific articles in urban geography journals from expert perspectives. In this step, we used the random sampling method to determine the sample size.

Results and discussion

Based on literature review and expert’s consensus 7 criteria and 21 sub-criteria was selected. Criteria ranking via AHP showed that meaningful and creativity criteria gained highest ranking and lowest ranking was for adequately present and language. Investigation of 50 scientific research of urban geography indicates that those Criteria’s that have more important role in the production of knowledge from expert perspectives have had low ranking at scientific articles in the field of urban geography. Accordingly, it can be said that despite the importance of " Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness ", " Sound methodological basis” and ” following appropriate ethical guidelines " criteria in the production and development of science, unfortunately, scholars has been little attention in the field of urban geography.


Table 1: Comparing the ranking of criteria from experts’ perspectives and the results of the articles investigation
Expert’s ranking Results from papers investigation
1
Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness Meaningful Relevance
2 Sound methodological basis Adequate presentation, style, and language
3 following appropriate ethical guidelines
Transparency and clarity
4 Meaningful Relevance High standards of scholarship in argument and interpretation
5 High standards of scholarship in argument and interpretation Sound methodological basis
6 Transparency and clarity following appropriate ethical guidelines
7 Adequate presentation, style, and language Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness


Conclusion

Findings revealed that knowledge capitalism has emerged in the post-industrial world, and advanced communities struggle to achieve a knowledge-based economy. In this context, cities plays a central role in this process and in order to create a sustainable competitive advantage trying to adapt with it. These trends and Transformations alerts us to the great mission of researchers and scientists in the field of urban studies in order to produce and exchange of basic knowledge in the field of urban issues. Moreover, they must create an urban environment in which development of science and technology motivated. The twenty-first century is millennium in which inattention and negligence to knowledge lead to negative consequences and will bring very unpleasant problems. In other words, South global become home to a variety of issues and challenges, and citizens will be ' remote control workers via low wages”. Investigation of criteria and papers also indicate that in the expert's view, ‘Novelty, Creativity, and Meaningfulness’, ‘ Sound methodological basis ’ and ‘following appropriate ethical guidelines’ criteria obtain higher rankings than other criteria in the production of knowledge while the scientific research articles in urban geography have been little attention to them.
Conclusion

Findings revealed that knowledge capitalism has emerged in the post-industrial world, and advanced communities struggle to achieve a knowledge-based economy. In this context, cities plays a central role in this process and in order to create a sustainable competitive advantage trying to adapt with it. These trends and Transformations alerts us to the great mission of researchers and scientists in the field of urban studies in order to produce and exchange of basic knowledge in the field of urban issues. Moreover, they must create an urban environment in which development of science and technology motivated. The twenty-first century is millennium in which inattention and negligence to knowledge lead to negative consequences and will bring very unpleasant problems. In other words, South global become home to a variety of issues and challenges, and citizens will be ' remote control workers via low wages”. Investigation of criteria and papers also indicate that in the expert's view, ‘Novelty, Creativity, and Meaningfulness’, ‘ Sound methodological basis ’ and ‘following appropriate ethical guidelines’ criteria obtain higher rankings than other criteria in the production of knowledge while the scientific research articles in urban geography have been little attention to them.
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography
Keywords: knowledge production, knowledge-based development, scientific research papers, urban geography

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • knowledge production
  • knowledge based development
  • scientific research
  • papers
  • urban geography

مراجع

  1. افشاری، معصومه، مهرام، بهروز و محسن نوغانی، 1392، بررسی و تدوین شاخص‌های ارزیابی کیفیت مقاله‌های علمی-پژوهشی در حوزۀ علوم انسانی مبتنی‌بر نظریه هنجارهای علم مرتون، فصلنامة سیاست علم و فناوری، دورۀ 6، شمارة 1، صص 49- 66.
  2. حبیبی، اسماعیل و زهره میرحسینی، 1387، نگارش مقالات علمی با رعایت معیارهای ISI (مؤسسۀ اطلاعات علمی)، فصلنامة دانش‌شناسی، دورۀ 1، شمارة 2، صص 51- 63.
  3. عزیزی، فریدون، 1380، بررسی کیفیت ذکر منابع در مقالات پژوهشی مجلات علمی-پژوهشی در جمهوری اسلامی ایران، پژوهش در پزشکی، دورۀ 25، شمارة 4، صص 249- 250.
  4. علومی، طاهره، 1379، ارزیابی پایان‌نامه‌های کارشناسی ارشد رشتۀ کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی در دانشگاه‌های تربیت مدرس، تهران و علوم پزشکی (سال‌های 1371-1365)، مجلة روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی (دانشگاه تهران)، سال 1379، شمارة 61، صص 43- 63.
  5. گال، مردیت، بورگ، والتر و جویس گال، 1382، روش‌های تحقیق کمی و کیفی در علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، جلد اول، ترجمة احمدرضا نصر و دیگران، سمت، تهران.
  6. منصوریان، یزدان، 1388، صد ویژگی یک مقالة علمی- پژوهشی خوب، ماهنامة تخصصی اطلاع‌رسانی و نقد و بررسی کتاب در حوزة اطلاعات، ارتباطات و دانش‌شناسی، سال 1388، شمارة 145، صص 66-77.
  7. موحد، علی و پگاه ایزدی، 1389، ارزیابی کمی و کیفی مقاله‌های فصلنامه پژوهش‌های جغرافیایی طی دورۀ 10 ساله (1378-87)، پژوهش‌های جغرافیای طبیعی، دوره 42، شمارة 71. صص 83- 95.
  8. مهرام، بهروز و عفت توانایی شاهرودی، 1388، تحلیل محتوای مجله‌های علمی و پژوهشی روانشناختی ایران: موضوع و روش‌های پژوهش، فصلنامة روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی، دورۀ 6، شمارة 22، صص 109- 122.
  9. وزارت علوم و تحقیقات-معاونت پژوهش و فناوری، 1392، فهرست نشریات علمی دارای اعتبار آذر 92.
  10. ولایی، ناصر، کوثریان، مهرنوش، نصیری، ابراهیم و فاطمه موسوی، 1385، بررسی کمی و کیفی مقالات علمی و پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران از شمارۀ 1-47 تابستان 1384، مجلة دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، دورة شانزدهم، شمارة 52، صص 131-140.
    1. Agrawal, A., 1995, Dismantling the divide between indigenous and scientific knowledge, Development and Change, Vol. 26, No. 3, PP. 413- 439.
    2. APEC., 2000, Towards knowledge-based economies in APEC, Singapore: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.
    3. Archibugi, D. and Lundvall, B. (Eds), 2001, The globalising learning economy, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
      1. Afshari, M., Mahram, B. and Noghani, M., 2013, Reviewing and development of the indicators for quality assessment of journals based on Mertonian scientific norms, Journal of Science and Technology Policy, Vol. 6, No. 1, PP. 49- 66. (In Persian)
    4. Azizi, F., 2000, Reviews the quality of the research papers in the journals Science and Technology of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Medical Journal, Vol. 25, No. 4. (In Persian)
    5. Berkes, F., Colding, J. and Folke, C., 2000, Rediscovery of traditional ecological knowledge as adaptive management, Ecological Applications, Vol. 10, No. 5, PP. 1251-1262.
    6. Braverman, H., 1974, Labor and monopoly capital, The degradation of work in the twentieth century, Monthly Review Press, New York/London.
    7. Brush, S., 2004, Cultural research on the origin and maintenance of agricultural diversity, In: Nature knowledge: Ethnoscience, cognition and utility, In Sanga, G. and Ortalli, G. (Eds), Berghahn Books, New York, PP. 379- 385.
    8. Burton-Jones, A., 1999, Knowledge capitalism, Business, work and learning in the new economy, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    9. Cairncross, F., 1997, The death of distance, Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge, Mass.
    10. Carillo, F., (Ed.), 2006, Knowledge cities: Approaches, experiences and perspectives, Butterworth-Heinemann, New York.
    11. Carlaw, K., Oxley, L., Walker, P., Thoms, D. and Nuth, M., 2006, Beyond the hype: Intellectual property and the knowledge society/knowledge economy, Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol. 20, No. 4, PP. 633- 658.
    12. Carrillo, F. J., 2003, A note on knowledge-based development, Monterrey, Mexico: Centre for knowledge systems, Tecnologico de Monterrey.
    13. Castells, M., 2000, End of the millennium: The information age economy, society and culture, Blackwell, Oxford.
    14. Castells, M., 2000, The rise of the network society, Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford.
    15. Charles, D. R. and Benneworth, P., 2002, The regional contribution of an HEI: A benchmarking approach, Report Prepared for the Higher Education Funding Council for England, HEFCE, Bristol.
    16. Charles, D. R., 2006, Universities as key knowledge infrastructures in regional innovation systems, Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 19, No. 1, 19, PP. 117- 130.
    17. Clark, B., 1998, Creating entrepreneurial universities: Organizational pathways of transformation, Pergamon, New York.
    18. Duff, A. S., 2000. Information society studies, Routledge, London.
    19. Florida, R., 1995, Toward the Learning Region, Futures, Vol. 27, No. 5, PP. 527-536.
    20. Gal, M., Burg, V. and Gal, J., 2002, Qualitative and quantitative research methods in psychology, Samt Publishers, Tehran. (In Persian)
      1. Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R. and Gall, J. P., 1996, Educational research: An introduction, Translated by: Nasr, A. et al., Samt, Tehran. (In Persian)
    21. Gray, H., 1999, Towards the community university,In Gray, H. (Ed.), Universities and the creation of wealth, Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, Buckingham, PP. 150- 158.
    22. Greenfield, H. and Knight, R. V., 1966, Manpower and the growth of producer services, Columbia University Press, New York.
      1. Habibi, A. and Mirhosseini, Z., 2008, Writing scientific journal based on ISI criteria (Scientific Information Institute),Research in Medical, Vol. 1, No. 4, PP. 249- 264. (In Persian)
    23. Harris, R., 2001, The knowledge-based economy: Intellectual origins and new economic perspectives, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3, No. 1, PP. 21- 40.
    24. Harvey, D., 1999, The condition of postmodernity: An enquiry into the origins of cultural change, Blackwell, Cambridge, MA.
    25. Knight, R., 2008, Knowledge-based development: The challenge for cities, In Yigitcanlar, T. (Ed.), Knowledge-based urban development: Planning and applications in the information era, Hershey and New York: Infonnation Science Reference.
    26. Knight, R. V., 1973a, Employment expansion and metropolitan trade, Praeger Publications, New York.
    27. Knight, R. V., 1973b, The growth pole,In Ginzberg, E. (Ed.), New York is very much alive, McGraw Hill, NY City.
    28. Knight, R. V., 1981, The region’s economy: Transition to what? Regional development program, Cleveland State University.
    29. Knight, R. V. and Stanback, T. M., 1970, The metropolitan economy: The process of employment expansion, Columbia University Press, New York.
      1. Mahram, B. and Shahrodi, T. E., 2009, Content analysis of Iranian psychological paper; subject and research methods, Journal of Developmental Psychology, Vol. 6, No. 22, PP. 109- 122. (In Persian)
    30. Mansorian, Y., 2008, One hundred feature a good scientific article, Special monthly book review in the field of communication and information, communication, and knowledge, No. 66. (In Persian)
    31. Marx, K., 1857, Grundriße der kritik der politischen oekonomie. Berlin: Dietz, 1974. Translated by Martin Nicolaus. London, etc.: Penguin, 1973.
    32. Metaxiotis, K., Carrillo, J. and Yigitcanlar, T. (Eds.), 2010, Knowledge-based development of cities and societies: An integrated multi-level approach. Hersey: IGI Global.
    33. Ministry of Science and Research Deputy of Research and Technology, 2012, List of scientific publications of 2012. (In Persian)
    34. Mohan A. V., Aliza, A. O. and Kamarulzaman, A. A., 2004, ICT clusters as a way to materlialise a national system of innovation: Malaysia’s multimedia super corridor flagships, Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, Vol. 16, No. 5, PP. 1‐ 18.
    35. Movahed, A. and Izadi, P., 2009, Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of geographical research journal articles over a period of 10 years (1998-2008), Physical Geography Research, Vol. 42, No. 71, PP. 83- 95. (In Persian)
    36. Munro, D., 2000, The Knowledge Economy, Journal of Australia Political Economy,Vol. 45, No. 1, PP. 5- 17.
    37. Noble, D., 1977, America by Design, Knopf, New York.
    38. Oatley, N., (Ed.), 1998, Cities, economic competition and urban policy, Paul Chapman Publishing, London.
    39. OECD., 1996, The Knowledge-Based Economy, OECD.
    40. Powell, W. W. and Snellman, K., 2004, The knowledge economy, Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 30, No. 1, PP. 199- 220.
    41. Quah, D., 1999, The weightless economy in economic development, Centre for Economic Performance, London.
    42. Quah, D., 2002, Digital Goods and the New Economy, LSE Economics Department, London.
    43. Slabbert, N., 2006, The future of urbanization: How tele-technology is shaping a new urban order. Harvard International Review, Accessed on 7 Dec 2013 from http://hir.harvard.edu/articles/1437.
    44. Statistics Canada, 2001, Surveys: Start to finish, Workshop presented by statistical group, Toronto, November 27- 29, P. 56.
    45. Stehr, N., 1994, Knowledge Societies, Sage, London.
    46. Stewart, T. A., 1997, Intellectual Capital, Nicholas Bradley, London.
    47. Talero, E. and Gaudette, P., 1996, Harnessing Information for evelopment: A Proposal for a World Bank Group Strategy, World Bank.
    48. UN World Urbanization Prospects, 2011, World urbanization prospects: The 2011 Revision, United Nations: New York.
    49. UNDESA., 2005, Understanding knowledge societies, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York.
      1. Valaei, N., Kosarian, M., Nasiri, E. and Mosavi, F., 2006, Reviws of quality and quantity of scientific articles and Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesThe number 1-47 summer 2004, Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 52. (In Persian)
    50. Van Winden, W. and Berg, L., 2004, Cities in the knowledge economy, Rotterdam: European Institute for Comparative Urban Research.
    51. Warren, M., 2004, The role of indigenous knowledge systems in facilitating sustainable approaches to development, In: Nature Knowledge: Ethnoscience, Cognition and Utility, In Sanga, G. and Ortalli G. (Eds), Berghahn Books, New York, PP. 379- 385.
    52. World Bank, 2007, Building knowledge economies, Advanced Strategies for Development. WBI Development Studies, Cities, 25(2), 63-72.
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی
دوره 49، شماره 3
مهر 1396
صفحه 587-605

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 فروردین 1395

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار